同性恋真的由同性恋基因决定的吗？

rujinpubianrentongtongxinglian，yecunzaihenduonantongxinglianwang，yourenshuotongxingliangenjiyinyouyidingdeguanxi，shizheiyangdema？

一、同性恋是不是由基因决定的吗？

1、发现同性恋基因

 tongxinglianxianxiangzigujiuyou。nantongxinglianwangzaiwomenxiandaipubianchunzai，tongxingliannv，tongxingliannanpubiandoushi。danshi，duitongxingliandechengyinquezhongshuofenyun，mozhongyishi。renmenshitucongshengwuxue、xintaixue、shehuihuanjingdengjiaodujieshitongxinglian，ranerdaomuqianweizhi，haimeiyouyigezhengjuchongfen、shuofuliqiangdelilunlaijitongxingliandechengyinxiayigedinglun。xianzaiyibanrenwei，tongxinglianshixiantianhehoutianyinsugongtongzuoyongdejieguo，qizhong，jiyindezhongyaoxingbeiyuelaiyueduodezhengjusuozhichi。faxiantongxinglianjiyindekexuejiayeshitongxingliannan，meiguoyichuanxuejiadeanhamertongxingliannanshouxianquedingletongxinglianjiyin，genjutongxinglianqinxiongdidexranseti，tafaxiandingduandeyiduanjiyinxq28juedingtongxinglian。zheipianlunwenfabiaozai《science》shanghou，hamerchengweizhengyirenwu，erdangrenmenzhidao，fabiaozheipianwenzhangdezuozhebenrenjiushitongxinglianshi，zhiyishengjiugengdale。danzhihouyouyoujixiangyanjiuzhichilehamerdejielun，yezailingwaisantiaoransetishangyefaxianletongxinglianjiyin。mingtongxinglianyanjiufaxian8haoranseticunzaitongxinglianjiyinranerjinniannianchu，meiguoxibeidaxuedeyixiangdui400mingtongxingliandnadedaxingyanjiufaxian，wufatongguoxq28jiyinlaizhunquediyucetongxinglian，tongshifaxiandi8haoransetishangcunzaitongxinglianjiyin，danyetongyangwufajingqueyuce。

2、guoyingdejingguojiyinxiushijiuhuibianchengtongxinglian

 suiranfenzishengwuxuedeyanjiujimeiyoukendingyemeiyoufoudingtongxinglianjiyindecunzai，danlaizidongwujiedeguanchaqingxiangyurenke，yinweizaidongwujiezhongtongxingliandecunzaihenpubian，erqieduiguoyingjinxingjiyinxiushihou，huishideguoyingbianchengtongxinglian，weitongxinglianjiyindecunzaitigongledongwushiyanyiju。hanguokexuejiafenfenzhongjiangcilaoshubianlalahanguokexuejiazai2010nianbaodao，peitaiqiquchucixinglaoshudeyigeteshuxingjiyin——fucm，keshicixinglaoshubianchenglala——tamenjujueyixingdeqiuai，bingshituyutongxingjiaopei。yuanlai，fucmjiyinyingxianglecijisushuiping，jinershidanaoshoudaoyingxiang。

二、同性恋无法生小孩，那基因如何流传下来呢？

 tongxinglianzhanrenqundebiliwei5%dao15%zhijian，ruguozhenyoutongxinglianjiyincunzaidehua，congjinhuashangsihuhennanjieshi，yinweitongxinglianbuhuiyouhoudai，zheixiejiyinbuhuiliuchuanxialai，gengbukenengyouzheimedadebili。zheizhongjiyinbuliyurenleifanyan，shiyinggaibeijinhuataotaide。neimetongxingliandeqianzaijiyinqingxiangjiujingweishenmenengyanxuxialai？womenrengmeiyouzhaodaodaan。buguoyanhuaxuezhetichujigefeichangyouqianlidejiashuo：

1、亲缘选择假说

 kexuejiamentuice，chanshenglitazhuyidejiyinbangzhuleyouyichuanguanxideqinshu，congershihouzhedelitajiyinjuyouleyichuanyoushi，litazhuyibiandeyiyanxu。tongyangdedaoliyekenengshiyongyutongxinglian：tongxingliangetibuyongzaiqizishendefanzhishangtourushijianhejingli，huoxutamenjiunenggoubangzhuqinqiyangyuhoudai，erzuizhongshizheixiehaizishenshangqianzaidetongxinglianqingxiangjiyinzaiyanhuazhongshouyi。yixiangyanjiuyinantaipingyangsamoyaqundaodenantongxinglianzheweiduixiangjinxinglediaocha。samoyashiyigegengjiachuantongdeshehui，dangdidenantongxinglianzhebeichengwei “fa'afafine”， bushengyuhoudai，wanquannengbeishehuiquantijieshou，youqibeitamendexueqinjiatingsuojieshou。zheixienantongxinglianzheduizhi（waisheng）beiqingzhuledaliangdejingli——zheixiehaiziyutamenpingjunyou 25% dejiyinshixiangtongde。

2、xingbiehubuxuanzejiashuo

 yexuzaiyigexingbie——birunantongxinglianzhongsunhaishengcunshiyingxingdejiyin，zainvxingshenshangjuyouzengqiangshiyingxingdezuoyong。youzhuanjiarenweizheishiyizhong“ainanjiyin”，zhuyaoyongtushirangyouzheixiejiyindenvxingzaixingfangmiangengzaoshu，yincinenggoushenggengduodehaizi，congerjubeijinhuayoushi。qidaijiashiruguonanxingyoulezheixiejiyinjiuhuibianchengtongxinglian。zheigelilunyouzhengjuzhichi，zaiyidalijinxingdeyanjiufaxiantongxingliannanzidenvxingqinshushenghaizideshuliangshiqitafunvde1.3bei。zheizaixuanzeshangshiyigejudadeyoushi，qidaijiashinanxingqinshushitongxinglian，xiangbizhixia，huodedeyichudayubiduan，yincibeijinhuashaixuanchulai，yidaiyidaiditongguoxransetiyichuanxialai。tongli，nanxingyeyinggaiyou“ainvjiyin”，zheizhongjiyinzainandeshenshangshijinhuayoushi，huiyougengduodehoudai，danzainvdeshenshangjiushinvtongxinglian，yetongyangyichudayubiduan，deyiyichuanxialai。zheizhong“ainvjiyin”bukenengtongguoxingransetiyichuan，erhuizaiqitaransetishang，yincinvtongxinglianzaishuliangshangburunantongxinglian，erqieqizhongshuangxingliandebilijiaoda。

3、社会声誉假说

 yourenleixuezhengjubiaoming，zaigongyehuazhiqiandeshehui，tongxingliannanxinggengyoukenengchengweimushihuozhejisi，tamendeyixinglianqinshuyeyincihuodelejiaogaodeshehuishengyu，bingyincizhanyoufanzhiyoushi，congershiderenhegongyoudetongxinglianqingxiangjiyindedaoyanxu。zheishiyigefeichangyouxiyinlidexiangfa，buguoyequefashizhengzhichi。

4、群体选择假说

 dabufenshengwuxuejiadourenweiziranxuanzefashengzaigetijiqijiyindecengmian，erfeifashengyuquntizhizhong。danrenleikenengshiyigeliwai；huoxubaohanyoutongxingliangetidequntibiquanbushiyixingliangetidequntigenghao。zuijin，renleixuejiashala?hedi（sarah b. hrdy）dengrenzhichu，zairenleiyanhuashidedabufenshiqi，yangyuhoudaibudoushifumude（gengbushimuqinde）zhuanli，womendezuxianyouhenduonimuqinxingweineixiebingfeihaizishuangqinderen，youqishiqitadexueyuanqinshu，canyudaolefuyanghoudaiderenwuzhong。zhirenfazhanchuzheiyangyitaotixishihenyoudaolide，yinweizaisuoyoudelingzhangmudongwuzhong，zhirendexinshengershizuiwuzhude，xuyaochengrentourudejingliyezuiduo。ruguozhongqunzhongyouzugouduoyuerbangshoushitongxinglianzhe，zhenggequntidoujiangcongzhongjidadishouyi。

 lingyifangmian，jiusuanrenleizuxianzhongdetongxinglianzhebingbuyidingyaocanyudaohezuofuyanghoudaiderenwuzhongqu，tamenjiaoshaoshengyu（huozhegancuijiubusheng），zheibenshenjiuweiqiyixinglianqinshujieshenglegengduodeziyuan。haiyouyanjiuzhetichuleqitaqunticengmianshangdemoxing，guanzhushejiaohudongerbushiziyuanliyong：tongxinglianyexuyugengqiangdeshejiaoxingheshehuihezuoyouguan；tahaikenengzuzhiweizhengduoyixingerchanshengdebaolijingzheng。

5、平衡多态假说

 huoxutongxinglianzheizhongyichuanqingxiangyumouzhonghuozhemoujizhongtedingdejiyingongtongqizuoyongshi，huiyinweimouzhongweizhideyuanyinerchanshengbuchangxingdeyichu，biruzhumingdeliandaoxinghongxibaopinxuezheng（sickle-cell disease ※cichuyigenggai），zheizhongbingdezhibingjiyinyouzhuyuyufangnveji。suiranmuqianhaimeiyouquedingnayiduanjiyinshijuedingxingquxiangde，danwomenrengjiubunengpaichuzheizhongpinghengduotaidekenengxing。

6、feishiyingxingdefuchanwu

 tongxinglianxingweikenengjibushishiyingxingde，yebushibushiyingde，takenengjiushiyizhongfeishiyingxingdexingwei。yejiushishuo，tayexubingmeiyoudedaoziranxuanze，ershizuoweimouxieyoushixingzhuangdefuchanwubeibaoliulexialai。zheiyangdeyoushixingzhuangkenengshikewangxingchengpeiduiguanxi、xunqiuganqinghuozheshenglishangdemanzu，dengdeng。neime，weishenmehuicunzaizheiyangdeqingxiang，weishenmerenyurenzhijiandeqinmiguanxishiyuyuede？ daanhenyoukenengshi，zaiyanhuajinchengzhong，zhangqidepeiduiguanxizuiyouliyugetidechenggongfanzhi。cunzaijiheli,tongxinglianjiyinbuhuidiushi,tongxingliandechengyinyiranmeiyoudinglun，danyouliangdiankeyikending：diyi，wulunshidongwuhaishiren，qixingxingweidezuoyongdoubukeneng、yebuyinggaishiyifanzhiweiweiyimude；dier，tongxinglianjiyinbuhuidiushi，tayijingzouguoleshengwujinhuademanmanzhanglu，ruguohuibeitaotaidehua，tazaojiuyijingmeile，bushima？bubiyinweitongxinglianshishaoshupai，jiuyaoduiqi“tebieguanzhao”，cunzaijiheli，zaizheigegududexingqiushang，dajiadoushiyiyangde。